English Task 4 : Conclusions of 5 Articles (Made with Partner)

Nama : Nadya Theressa

Kelas : 1ea23

NPM : 17214778

1^st article

What we should know about International Commerce

International Commerce is trading on a country with another country because of they are trust each other and make profits to them. International Commerce isn’t for modern country only but for any country. This commerce is kind of export and import projects. The players in this international commerce could be individuals, individual to government of a country, or government to government.

The good things about International Commerce

Sadorno sukirno said that the good thing of international commerce was…

-       Make friendship between countries

-       We can get products that didn’t available in our country

-       We can get profits and specialitation

-       We can make our market products get worldwide and also get more profits because of it

-       Transfer modern technology

International commerce actions includes this things…

-       Money

-       Subsidy export

-       Limitation import

-       Restraint of free export

-       Subsidy of export credit

-       National Procurement

-       Red tape barriers

2^nd article

 5 Strategy of Marketing  

                 

So, this is 5 strategy of marketing we should learn and practice to our business because without good marketing there will not good sells..

-       We should know our Consumers—you need to do identification of your market targets.For example if you sell wedges shoes you need to invite womens between 20-35 years old because they mostly like the kind of shoes like that.

-       Promotion—do this anytime to get best results, because everytime we don’t promote our product there is might be another company who will take your change on customers needs.

-       Choose good location to sell products—This is important thing we should deal with, because this step determine to your customers.

-       Use the internet to make your company get worldwide—as we know that online shop isn’t rare now, so we have to join like this people who done great on online shop so we can also get more profits, not only in real selling but selling on the internet too.

-       Make a good relationship to customers—this is important because when we make customers proud of our product, it can also bring our company to higher level because of that good opinions.

3^rd article

POAC

Generally, world of management using POAC principles or the most business people called Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controling. This principles is the most strategy that used by many companies. Let’s get to know the point of POAC…

-       Planning—on planning mode, we should do SMART strategy, it is…
a. Specific       : the plan should specific about the vition and mission according to company purpose.
b. Measurable  : the program or the plan should be actuate the strength of it goals.
c. Achievable  : the plan is a plan, its not only about the imagine. It means this plan should achievable.
d. Realistic      : the plan should appropriate to the company modals. Its not very easy but don’t so difficult either.

e. Time                        : this is mean there always time limits, every week month and so on, this is important to make it easier to value and evaluation.

-       Organizing—to make the plan goes well and make a goal, we need to organizing with our organization about the plan. This is important to make sure if that plan will make good results to company or not.

-       Actuating—this is about the actions, we need to hard work, make good deals to eachother on organization and work together.

-       Controlling—every step and action we took, we need that people who protect our action, the controlling means we control the organizing and the actuating based on the planning.

Nama : Yunik Setyaningsih

Kelas : 1ea23

NPM : 1C214587

4^th article

The System of Just In Time

Production system Just In Time is the system of production or fabrication modern which is developed by japan companies. Their principles is they will only start production of goods that already asked by customers and will made when customers seems need more products. We know that from riset.

Just in time is the philosophy of management operation where all the materials will arrived to get production only when we wanna start production. It means Just In Time system make us more good at manage time and materials. So we can build up the productions and minimizing modals.

The consepts of Just In Time:

- the materials will only come when its time to start production, so we don’t need to keep the materials too long at warehouse.

- we need the date of production so the store which is bring the materials know when they need to send it to us.

- labor fluctuation

- think creatives

Elements of Just In Time

- The minimizing of set up times

- Production Flow

- Production without break machine

- Production without any troubles

- Operators

- Good relationship to the supplier

- The dating of production should stabil and handled

- Canban System

5^th article :

The Strength and Weakness of E business (online store)

Accessibility

The online store need more access to our store because once it unseen or untouch your online store might be will get down and out of the market. Customers in online shop zone they are about to find the newest products they seen. But its easy to access our store, we only need to use internet to connected.

Scalability

The scalability at online store is easy and we can do anytime we want. Its more simple than work at real place, only with internet we can connect to many customers from many country.

Security

When your data is more useful to you, it is also exposed to hackers. E business is more about worldwide mode, its mean people can access can see and can do many things. All we have to do is to protect ours from hackers who want to break.

Imitators

Prior to the advent of the Internet, a company needed to invest a great deal of money into creating an image. Marketing collateral was created, advertising was done and trademark laws helped to protect the image the company work so hard to create it. Marketing collaterals print advertisements, product information sheets and any kind of materials created to market a product.

English Task 3 : 10 Active and Passive Sentences (Made with Partner)

Name                           : Nadya Theressa

Class                            : 1ea23

NPM                           : 17214778

Subject                        : Bahasa Inggris 2

Partner                         : Yunik Setyaningsih

Active sentences made by Yunik Setyaningsih :

1.      The manager takes the employees tasks

2.      William is sending the orders

3.      William puts the supplies to the warehouse

4.      William is going to pay tax today

5.      The manager was calling a labor to do some duties

6.      The organization made a new contract

7.      The success forever company will have gave  investment to Nadya Company

8.      I will open recruitment

9.      Nadya has picked William to be her new client

10.  I was looking for a new business partner

Passive sentences made by Nadya Theressa (Me) :

1.      The employees tasks are taken by the manager

2.      The orders are being sent by William

3.      The supplies are put by William to the warehouse

4.      Tax is going to be paid by William today

5.      A labor was being called by the manager to do some duties

6.      A new contract was made by the organization

7.      Investment will have been given to Nadya Company by the success forever company

8.      Recruitment will be opened by me

9.      William has been picked by Nadya to be her partner

10.  A new business partner was being looked for by me

English Task 2 : Finding Active Sentences

Name                           : Nadya Theressa
NPM                           : 1721477Class                            : 1EA23Subject                        : Bahasa Inggris 2Lecturer                       : Mrs. Nesa

Why Mentoring Someone is Good for Your Career

In a traditional mentorship, there is a mentee, who is usually a new or less-seasoned worker seeking direction in his or her career, and a mentor, who is typically an older professional who imparts wisdom to the mentee based on his or her extensive experience. As a mentee, you can call on your mentor to guide you through your career challenges, help you make difficult decisions and offer advice when you're not sure which direction to take.

"A good mentor [is] an expert active listener who can give constructive but developmental feedback," said Anka Wittenberg, chief diversity and inclusion officer of enterprise software companySAP. "He can put himself [aside] and listen to the mentee. [Mentors should] have a genuine interest in the professional development of others."

Within this context, it might seem that the "student" has much more to gain than the "teacher" from the relationship. Reverse mentoring — having younger employees share their technological know-how and fresh perspective with older ones — and peer mentoring are gaining traction as ways to create more mutually beneficial mentorships, but the classic dynamic can still provide great value to the mentor's professional life. Business leaders shared the ways in which mentoring others has furthered their own career development.

Creating stronger workplace bonds. In cutthroat industries and work environments, it's easy to be skeptical of a colleague's personal motives when he or she offers you help. But in a good mentorship, there's no conflict of interest — mentees can trust that their mentors are truly looking out for them. That's why Kohsuke Kawaguchi, chief technology officer of Jenkins' business solutions provider CloudBees, believes the relationship aspect of mentoring provides such a great benefit to a mentor.

"Relationships in the workplace are often full of friction," Kawaguchi said. "Different people have different ideas about what to do, and this puts people into a frame of mind that makes it difficult to touch the person deeply. Mentorship ... has a way of removing this barrier. It lets you build a strong bond in a place where you tend to build many shallow bonds."

Ed Donner, co-founder and CEO of financial tech job search siteuntapt, agreed, noting that the expression, "What goes around, comes around" is especially true for business relationships.

"If you take time to help someone grow their career and achieve their aspirations, then, in addition to doing something incredibly satisfying and fulfilling, you are also building a lasting relationship that will likely benefit you both," Donner said.

Gaining the confidence to take your work in a new direction. For small business owners, succession planning can be a daunting prospect. While it can be difficult to let go of the business you created from the ground up, being a mentor to your future successor can give you the reassurance you need to start stepping back from the day-to-day operations.

"Mentoring my successor has given me the benefit of knowing the business will be in good hands," said Dave Greenhalgh, owner of Minuteman Press of Medford. "I have also been able to take a step back from the day-to-day work and focus more on our plans for the future — where we go from here, in what direction we can grow, what technological advances we can take advantage of. I like being a coach at this point in my career and am enjoying my new role while guiding [my successor] through the ins and outs of managing the business."

Remembering the value of listening. No matter their career level, all workers want to be treated with respect and feel like their voice is being heard. As individuals climb the ladder and gain more power in an organization, it becomes easier to forget what it was like at the bottom. Wittenberg noted that mentoring someone can keep your ever-important listening skills sharp — a crucial tool for making your top talent feel valued.

"Be sure to go into a mentoring relationship focusing on listening," Wittenberg told Business News Daily. "Executives ... like to share their ideas, [but] it can often come out as the mentor doing 80 percent of the talking and not even [being] aware of it. Allow the mentee to share his or her thoughts."

Assessing your own personal values and experiences. The best company cultures are led by managers and executives who are transparent, honest and practice what they preach. Eran Yaniv, CEO and founder of mobile performance testing company Perfecto Mobile, said that mentoring has given him the opportunity to hold himself accountable for the advice he gives.

"In many cases, I found myself ... trying to qualify how closely I would have behaved in the situations that I was helping to resolve," Yaniv said. [Was] the guidance I was giving truly aligned with the way I would act in that situation, or was my advice based on an improvement of my own actions and the lessons that I've learned over time? More often than not, I found my advice to be a compilation of my own actions and a 'this is what I should have done' analysis."

Reflecting on your best tactics thus far. It's in a leader's best interest to know what he or she is doing right. Becoming a mentor forces you to take an objective look at what's worked for you and what hasn't, and allows you to pass that knowledge on to your mentee in a way that will benefit both of you.

"Mentoring others ... is a way to stay grounded," said Dick Stieren, owner of Window Genie of Omaha. "The mentoring process reinforces one's own beliefs, calls to mind the best practices that have propelled [your] career and keeps [you] focused. I was often promoted because I had mentored an able replacement."

However, Stieren cautioned would-be mentors to avoid trying to turn a mentee into another version of themselves.

"Mentoring is not cloning — it is an exercise in critical thinking and an analysis of what has and has not proven to be beneficial in the past," Stieren said. "[Guide mentees] to find their own way to what they can be."

Resource: http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/7864-mentoring-career-benefits.html

Bold sentences are for Active sentences and the italic are for the Passive sentences :

1.     a new or less-seasoned worker seeking direction in his or her career : Direction is  being sought by a new or less-seasoned worker in his or her career.

2.    your mentor to guide you through your career challenges, help you make difficult decisions and offer advice when you're not sure which direction to take : career chalanges, a help to make difficult decisions and offer advice when you’re not sure which direction to take will be guided to you by your mentor.

3.    He can put himself [aside] and listen to the mentee : himself could be put by him and listen to the mentee.

4.   younger employees share their technological know-how and fresh perspective with older ones : technological know-how and fresh perspective with older ones is shared by younger employees.

5.    peer mentoring are gaining traction as ways to create more mutually beneficial mentorships : traction as ways to create more mutually beneficial mentorships is being gained by peer mentoring.

6.   Business leaders shared the ways in which mentoring others has furthered their own career development : the ways in which mentoring other that has furthered their own career development was shared by business leaders.

7.    you are also building a lasting relationship that will likely benefit you both : a lasting relationship that will likely benefit you both is also being built by you.

8.   I have also been able to take a step back from the day-to-day work : a step back from the day to day work was also been able to taken  by me.

9.   The best company cultures are led by managers and executives who are transparent, honest and practice what they preach.

10.                      In many cases, I found myself : my self was found by me in many cases.

11. I found my advice to be a compilation of my own actions and a 'this is what I should have done' analysis : my advice to be a compilation of my own actions and a ‘this is what I should have done’ analysis was found by me.

12.                       I had mentored an able replacement : an able replacement had been mentored by me.

Aku berharap

apa ini yang dinamakan menyerah berjuang ketika penyelesaian telah nampak diujung jalan

ketika menyadari bahwa diri ini tak pantas bersanding denganmu

apalah arti menanggung malu hanya untuk memberi perhatian

ketika sebenarnya semua jelas semakin kedepan

haruskah kubilang rasa

untuk menyadarkanmu makna semuanya

semua perlakuanku yang berbeda hanya ketika bersamamu

semu merah yang kian kini kian sulit disembunyikan

tapi apalah aku

perempuan biasa tanpa polesan dan baju mewah melekat pada tubuh dan wajahku

aku berharap sekali kala itu

sampai akhirnya aku sadar siapa diriku dan siapa dirimu

tetapi aku tidak benar-benar berhenti berharap

aku tahu Tuhan telah menetapkan siapapun dia untuk diriku

meski itu bukan kamu, aku tak apa

karena aku tahu Tuhan tahu yang terbaik untuk kamu dan aku

English Task 1 : My Last Choice University

Name               : Nadya Theressa

Class                : 1EA23

Subject             : Bahasa Inggris 2

NPM                : 17214778

The Lecturer     : Mrs. Nesa

My Last Choice University

          It wasn’t easy to choose where will you spend your times to be your process to a best future. At many choices you must be have one or even more, because I know everyone had a choice. Honestly, Gunadarma have never been cross my mind before, because the only campus which I wanted to study was University of Indonesia. Then I failed simak test. I was very confused at a moment, till my bestfriends told me about Gunadarma University.

            Finally I’m here, studying at university with best IT ever in Indonesia, that’s what most people said. The facilities here are good enough for me, there’s no trouble this far. But be better is not a bad suggestion right? Even there’s no problem, gunadarma should keep  the facilities grows up. About the systems, not bad I thought. Although my friends said that the score system aren’t really friendly. In my opinion, it’s great to have more excited chalanges, it gaves me much passions to work harder and harder. The most thing I love here is the foodcourts around gunadarma, its almost perfect for me, I mean I love foods and everybody does. Kue pukis is the food which I bought almost everyday in the morning when I arrived at campus. And sometimes, when I have no class, I choosed to walk around the campus building.

            The lecturers are nice. I have no problem with them, and I don’t wanna make a trouble either. I love all subjects in my major, so I don’t have a reason to unlike or hate the lecturers of my class. I found one and two lecturers who weren’t very well at giving lessons to me and friends. That kind of lecturers was the one who makes me bored and sleepy sometimes. You know, that was like they told us fairytales, not a subject. Well, It doesn’t mean so much to me, I still can understand what they said. Otherwise, complaining about the lecturer didn’t give a real solution, so we better accept what we have now.

            I have met many friends, some are good, and some are so so. I accepted them for whoever they are, because I thought it’s not pretty important to care about who they are or how they will response me. We are here fighting alone, college is most individual systems. But it doesn’t mean I don’t like to have many friends. It’s just a matter of perspective.

            So far, I felt good to studying here. I hope someday this university will bring me to be a best part in a company, I also hope Gunadarma will change me to be a women with many skills and clever. Gunadarma, please be my bestfriend this four years and we are together walking to wonderful future to make a change on me and a little to this country. As we know, Indonesia have too many unemployments, poor people, etc, so here I wanna fix this longterm troubles although just a little—I truly want to make a change. So that’s why I’m here.

Would u never hurt me like him?

If you know that every moment you did was very bright like a sunset, like the dew on a stone at sunday morning, shinning my whole day, so good so deep. But...

Did you know a man who can do that things was the man who can also break it into pieces, didnt you?

Baby, i love you as you, as the man that i thought he wouldnt hurt me. The man who will fix me by didnt give a shit to these brokenheart. Cause i know you know my old story really well, then..you wouldnt give the same mark to me right? Because, i trust you Nan♥

People left, Memories dont.

Every step i took was invisible, i felt that i might never good enough. Then someone comes, he told me that i had all guy needs, i asked him, like what? 'Cause this 2years and more i didn't catch how it feels being enough with my self, mean a lot to someone, correctly to the one i loved.

I knew i need to leave, even when i have that one person who cares, who loves me the way i am. I'm selfish, i accepted that. But be with someone i dont love is more painful, and i will hurt him asap. I tired hurting people. Tired of having alot people hates me.

So, baby i love you as my best best friend and i'm very comfortable with that. But suddenly, it changed. I dunno what to say, i doubt. Am i choosed wrong decision? Or am i too fast to made this changed, made all changed so different than i thought it would. But baby i love you as my best best friend, it's almost beautiful till it changed.

I broke it. I shouldnt accept, should i? I'm scared of losing you because of deny your feelings. I know we cant handle our heart of liking someone or loving someone. But now, i'm between alone and run. I need to be alone so i wouldnt hurt people, but running from you will hurt you, i wont do that. Not again, no hurting people.

Here i stay with stupidness loving someone who left. But, i dont have strength to hurt anyone, not again, specially my bestfriend. So i might pretend to love you, Nan, my man my best friend. Until i dont realize that i was pretend.

'Cause its easier to pretend loving someone i dont love than losing him and regret alot in returns. Because i'm sure that there will be a time i would truly love you.

Yang Diragukan

Aku lelah menangis. Aku mulai percaya kalau cinta telah datang dengan cerita barunya yang bahagia, yang ku kira dapat menutup rasa sakit yang dahulu aku terima. Tapi, kenapa aku merasa cinta tak pernah berpihak padaku. Kenapa selalu ada luka baru yang berbeda disini, kembali terukir pada lembar baru yang masih suci dengan cerita bahagia.

Aku baru akan belajar untuk setia padanya. Membuktikan bahwa diriku bukanlah seperti orang yang menyia-nyiakanku, bahwa aku dapat setia. Bahwa aku akan sebisa mungkin tidak melukai hatinya, bahwa aku baru saja meyakinkan diri kalau aku dapat membahagiakannya meski itu berarti akan menyakiti diriku sendiri, meski kebahagiannya bukanlah kebahagiaanku.

Cinta, jika cinta adalah dia, tunjukanlah aku cahaya yang dapat meyakinkanku bahwa aku tidak salah menaruh hatiku seutuhnya padanya. Tuhan, aku sudah sangat tersiksa ketika aku salah memilih, salah menaruh seluruh hatiku, aku sudah amat sakit kala itu. Cinta, beritahu aku kalau dia bukanlah kau, jauhkan rasa ini dari hatiku jika cinta bukanlah dia.

Karena aku tidak ingin terluka lagi oleh cinta yang salah. Aku ingin bersama cintaku. Cinta yang masih ku ragukan siapa ia..

Him

Bukankah lelah berlari ditempat terlalu lama. Tidakkah terbesat dipikiranmu untuk mulai berlari maju. Merasa terlalu lama mengejar yang berlari lebih cepat dariku. Kakiku pun sudah lelah, mereka bertanya-tanya kapan mereka dapat membawaku ke tujuanku, yang semakin aku mengejarnya, ia semakin menjauh. Sampai akupun tak dapat melihatnya lagi berada didepanku.

Aku terlalu fokus pada satu tujuan. Tidak melihat sekelilingku, bahwa ada yang memperhatikan, memperdulikan, menginginkan yang terbaik untukku. Ketika terus-menerus disakiti secara batin, fisikku pun dapat lelah.
Ada kalanya kita harus lebih detail melihat, lebih teliti memilih, lebih memahami semuanya. Bahwa tidak semua kebahagiaan hanya ada pada satu titik. Ketika bahagia berujung menjadi sakit tak terhenti, disanalah aku mulai berhenti dari titik itu.

Ketika aku mulai mengambil langkah, mengikuti caramu, kau marah dan tak suka. Pedulikah aku? Untuk apa? Dahulupun kau tak sedikitpun memikirkan aku yang sakit sendiri. Jadi, apakah pantas kau bertingkah layaknya korban dimana kaulah yang lebih dulu menjadi tersangka?

Semua sakit sudah tak kunjung muncul lagi menggerogoti hati, karena maknamu telah hilang disini. Aku telah mulai menulis pada buku baru, lembar-lembar kosong yang masih suci tanpa luka, dimana akan aku torehkan jalan cerita baruku, insya Allah..tidak ada lagi luka seperti yang ku tuliskan ketika bersamamu. Memang tidak ada bahagia selamanya, tapi aku berjanji akan menjaga hatiku dan hatinya. Berjanji pada diriku, sebisaku tak akan aku menyakitinya.

Karena apa yang aku lakukan, akan bertimbal balik pada diriku sendiri. So, i will be the best for him. I would never hurt him. Ya, he's my new adventure, my bestfriend, mine.

tugas Ilmu Budaya Dasar 5 soal

1.    Di dalam pembahasan manusia & penderitaan terdapat istilah “phobia”, “claustrophia” & “agoraphobia. Jelaskan masing-masing dan berikan contoh !

Jawab :

Ø  Phobia adalah rasa takut berlebihan terhadan sesuatu atau situasi tertentu tanpa adanya alasan yang mendasar, yang memaksa si pengidap phobia ini untuk menghindari sesuatu atau situasi tertentu, yang tentunya akan menghabat aktifitasnya.. contohnya : takut dalam hal tertentu yang orang masing-masing miliki. Seperti phobia terhadap lubang.

Ø  Claustrophia adalah sebuah penyakit ketakutan terhadap tempat-tempat sempit dan terjebak.

Contoh : takut berada di lift.

Ø  Agoraphobia adalah  jenis fobia dengan ketakutan dasar yang berasal dari perasaan terjebak di tempat umum,

Contoh : takut di tempat umum seperti pasar.

2.    Setiap manusia memiliki harapan, hal tersebut karena: dorongan kodrat dan dorongan kebutuhan hidup,

            Apa yang dimaksud dengan dua hal tsb?

            Menurut Abrahammaslow sesuai dengan kodratnya harapan           manusia adalah ?

Jawab :

Ø  Dorongan kodrat adalah adalah sifat, keadaan atau pembawaan alamiah yang sudah terwujud dalam diri manusia sejak manusia itu diciptakan oleh Tuhan.Dorongan kodrat menyebabkan manusia mempunyai keinginan atau harapan, misalnya menangis, tertawa, sedih, dan bahagia. Dalam diri manusia masing-masing sudah terjelma sifat, kodrat pembawaan dan kemampuan untuk hidup bergaul, hidup bermasyarakat, dan hidup bersama dengan manusia lain.

Ø  Dorongan kebutuhan hidup adalah Manusia memiliki kebutuhan hidup, umumnya adalah kebutuhan jasmani dan rohani. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan itu manusia harus bekerja sama dengan manusia lain. Hal ini disebabkan karena kemampuan manusia sangat terbatas baik kemampuan fisik.

Ø  Menurut Abraham Maslow, sesuai dengan kodratnya, harapan atau kebutuhan manusia itu adalah :

                        a. Kelangsungan hidup (survival).
                        b. Keamaanan (safety).
                        c. Hak dan kewajiban untuk mencintai dan dicintai (be                                   loving and loved).
                        d. Diakui lingkungan (status).
                        e. Perwujudan cita-cita (self-actualization)

Dengan adanya dorongan kodrat dan dorongan kebutuhan hidup maka manusia mempunyai harapan. Karena pada hakekatnya harapan itu adalah keinginan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya.

3.    Sigmund freud seorang ahli psikoanalisa berpendapat bahwa terdapat 3 macam kecemsan yang menimpa manusia :

·         Sebutkan masing-masing

·         Jelaskan

·         Beri contoh masing-masing

Jawab :

            Menurut Sigmund Freud, kecemasan dibagi menjadi tiga macam, yakni :
a. Kecemasan objektif atau Kenyataan.
Kecemasan obyektif adalah suatu pengalaman perasaan sebagai akibat pengamatan suatu bahaya dalam dunia luar. Bahaya adalah sikap keadaan dalam lingkungan seseorang yang mengancam untuk mencelakakannya. Pengalaman bahaya dan timbulnya kecemasan mungkin dari sifat pembawaan, dalam arti kata bahwa seseorang mewarisi kecenderungan untuk menjadi takut kalau ia berada di dekat dengan benda- benda tertentu atau keadaan tertentu dari lingkungannya.
contohnya : 1. seorang anak yang takut akan kegelapan.
2. seseorang yang cemas akan serangga.
`
b. Kecemasan Neurotis (saraf)
Kecemasan ini timbul karena pengamatan tentang bahaya dari naluriah.
Sigmund freud sendiri membagi kecemasan ini menjadi 3 bagian :
1. Kecemasan yang timbul karena penyesuaian diri dengan lingkungan.Kecemasan semacam ini menjadi sifat dari seseorang yang gelisah, yang selalu mengira bahwa sesuatu yang hebat akan terjadi.
2.Bentuk ketakutan yang tegang dan irasional (phobia). Sifat khusus dari pobia adalah bahwa, intensitif ketakutan melebihi proporsi yang sebenarnya dari objek yang ditakutkannya. seperti contoh kasus yang saya alami, bahwa setiap melihat atau bahkan menuliskan buah “nanas”, maka bulu kuduk saya akan berdiri dan merinding dibuatnya.
3. Reaksi gugup atau setengah gugup, reaksi ini munculnya secara tiba-tiba tanpa adanya provokasi yang tegas.
c. Kecemasan Moral
Kecemasan moral disebabkan karena pribadi seseorang . Tiap pribadi memiliki bermacam macam emosi antar lain: iri, benci, dendam, dengki, marah, gelisah, dan lain lain. Sifat sifat seperti itu adalah sifat sifat yang tidak terpuji , bahkan mengakibatkan manusia akan merasa khawatir, takut, cemas, gelisah dan putus asa .contohnya, seseorang yang merasa kecantikannya ditandingi oleh lawannya, oleh karena itu ia merasa dengki, ataupun membencinya.

4.    Apa yang anda ketahui tentang manusia dan keadilan ? dalam mewujudkan keadilan sosial, sikap-sikap apa saja yang perlu di pupuk?

·         Jelaskan tentang berbagai macam keadilan?

Jawab :

Manusia dan keadilan yaitu kelayakan dalam tindakan manusia. Kelayakan diartikan sebagai titik tengah antara kedua ujung ekstrem yang terlalu banyak dan terlalu sedikit.

Ø  Sikap-sikap yang perlu di pupuk yaitu :

1. Perbuatan luhur yang mencerminkan sikap dan suasana kekeluargaan dan kegotongroyongan.

2. Sikap adil terhadap sesama, menjaga keseimbangan antara hak dan kewajiban serta menghormati hak-hak orang lain.

3. Sikap suka memberi pertolongan kepada orang yang memerlukan

4. Sikap suka bekerja keras.

5. Sikap menghargai hasil karya orang lain yang bermanfaat untuk mencapai kemajuan dan k esejahteraan bersama.

Ø  Macam-macam keadilan :

A. Keadilan Legal atau Keadilan Moral
Plato berpendapat bahwa keadilan clan hukum merupakan substansi rohani umum dan masyarakat yang membuat clan menjaga kesatuannya.
B. Keadilan Distributif
Aristoles berpendapat bahwa keadilan akan terlaksana bilamana hal-hal yang sama diperlakukan secara sama dan hal-hal yang tidak sama secara tidak sama (justice is done when equals are treated equally).
C. Keadilan Komutatif
Keadilan ini bertujuan memelihara ketertiban masyarakat dan kesejahteraan umum. Bagi Aristoteles pengertian keadilan itu merupakan asas pertalian dan ketertiban dalam masyarakat. Semua tindakan yang bercorak ujung ekstrim menjadikan ketidakadilan dan akan merusak atau bahkan menghancurkan pertalian dalam masyarakat.

5.    BUAT SEBUAH PUISI YANG MEWAKILI  KEKAGUMAN TERHADAP TEMPAT PERKULIAHAN GUNADARMA (TEMPAT MENUNTUT ILMU)

Puisi :

Mereka berkata tempatku

Belajar bukanlah apa-apa

Nama kami pun untuk

Sebagian orang tidak bernilai

Yang aku dengar hanyalah

Kicauan manusia-maanusia

Sombong

Yang bahkan belum menjadi seseorang

Disini aku belajar

Menyerap ilmu sampai luas

Ini bukanlah tentang dimana

Aku menuntut ilmu

Cerita ini tentang bagaimana aku memperjuangkan

Masa depanku disini

Gunadarma tetap menjadi kamppus harapanku

Tempat dimana aku akan

Bernaung empat tahun

Masa depanku yang cerah

Bukanlah mereka yang

Yang menggolok ...tugas Ilmu Budaya Dasar 5 soal